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Vzroki

Vzroki

Vzrok za nastanek shizofrenije, kot tudi nekaterih drugih kroničnih bolezni (sladkorna bolezen, srčno-žilne bolezni), je preplet različnih dejavnikov.12

Genetski, dejavniki okolja ali pa poškodbe možganov pred rojstvom in pri njem lahko veliko pripomorejo k razvoju shizofrenije.1, 13

Vsak od teh dejavnikov lahko poveča tveganje za psihotične simptome pri posameznikih; različni stresni položaji lahko sprožijo psihozo, še posebno med odraščanjem.

Uporaba prepovedanih drog, npr. marihuane, lahko prav tako sproži shizofrenijo ali prehodne psihotične simptome.1

Strokovnjaki s področja psihiatrije ugotavljajo, da gre najverjetneje za neravnovesje med prenašanjem in obdelavo informacij v možganih [APA Clinical Guidelines, 2004].1

Zaradi motenj pri sproščanju nekaterih kemičnih snovi, ki omogočajo medsebojno komunikacijo možganskih celic, nastanejo spremembe v delovanju možganov.9

Čeprav shizofrenije ni mogoče preprečiti, se lahko pojav simptomov oz. psihotičnih epizod z ustreznim zdravljenjem obvlada ali celo zmanjša.1

  1. APA Clinical Guidelines. American Psychiatric Association. Practice guidelines for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia. 2004.
  2. Falkai P et al. World J Biol Psychiatry 2005; 6: 132–191.
  3. Kendler KS et al. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996; 53: 1022–1031.
  4. World Health Organization. The World Health Report: 2001: Mental health: new understanding, new hope.
  5. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th Edition Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing Inc. 2000.
  6. Lieberman JA et al. J Clin Psychiatry 1996; 57 (suppl 9): 5–9.
  7. Breier A et al. Am J Psychiatry 1994; 151: 20–26.
  8. Robinson DG et al. Am J Psychiatry 1999; 156: 544–549.
  9. National Institute for Clinical Excellence. National Clinical Practice Guidelines Number 82.
  10. Howard R et al. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157: 172–178.
  11. Angermeyer MC et al. Schizophr Bull 1990; 16: 293–307.
  12. Murray RM and Fearon P. J Psychiatr Res 1999; 33: 497–499.
  13. Lang UE et al. Cell Physiol Biochem 2007; 20: 687–702.
  14. Harrigan SM et al. Psychol Med 2003; 33: 97–110.
  15. Bottlender R et al. Schizophr Res 2003; 62: 37–44.
  16. Emsley R et al. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2008; 21: 173–177.
  17. Awad AG et al. Pharmacoeconomics 2008; 26: 149–162.
  18. Keith SJ et al. Psychiatr Serv 2004; 55: 997–1005.
  19. Lieberman JA et al. Pharmacol Rev 2008; 60: 358–403.
  20. Tandon R et al. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2003; 28 (suppl 1): 9–26.
  21. Wyatt RJ. Schizophr Bull 1991; 17: 325–351.
  22. Robinson DG et al. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999; 56: 241–247.
  23. Weiden PJ et al. Psychiatr Serv 2004; 55: 886–891.
  24. Koen L et al. Psychosomatics 2007; 48: 128–134.
  25. Novick D et al. Psychiatry Res 2010; 176: 109–113.
  26. Kozma CM et al. Changes in schizophrenia-related hospitalization and ER use among patients receiving paliperidone palmitate. Current Medical Research and Opinion. 2011.27; 1603–1611.

EM-25345/201222

Sorodne vsebine

Čas po diagnozi
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Simptomi

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